ORGANIZATION IN A LARGE SCALE PROJECT | Cem Altınöz

The topic of this lecture is practical organization and development of project in a large scale project. The guess is Cem Altınöz who is one of the partners of Öncüoğlu Archicture.

 Firstly he mentioned that the difference between large project and small scale project is not only quantities or the bigness of area. While growing project, the organization is also growing. The organization becomes more complex. In a large scale project, as an architect, you work with two kinds of group. The first one is minor project groups, which are working during construction of project. The minor project groups are civil engineers, mechanical engineer, electrical engineer, landscape architecture. The second one is consultants that work during design of project. Main consultations are acoustic, fire, façade, kitchen design, coordinated ceiling plans..etc. The architect has to deal with each consultant. Besides that the architect have conciliating role among consultants.

 After the design of the structure as last stage, some sets of drawing must be produced for the construction of the structure. It should be drawn architectural drawings include plan, section and elevation drawings, (In section drawing, flooring types should be specified and layers of floor should be seen) mechanical plan(HVAC), static plan and electrical drawings. Together with drawings, finishing schedule should be prepared.

 End of the lecture Mr.Altınöz talked about the project and represented some drawings of his works about this topic.

PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION | Chamber of Architect

In this course, Mrs. Osmanpaşaoğlu who is one of the members of the board of Chamber of Architect in Ankara was giving information about Municipal regulations, professional organization and chamber of architects regulation.

The chamber of architect has link to TMMOB(Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects) with 25 chambers include chamber of civil engineers, chamber of interior architects. The Chamber of Architects of TMMOB is a constitutional professional organization established in 1954 with a special law, working for the public, the public and the society with the determination of the rules concerning the application of the architectural profession. In the 1950s, while aiming to be a founding professional chamber, it aimed to become a society-oriented organization in the 1960s. In the chamber of architect, there are about 50000 active members.

The chamber of architect has 26 branches like chamber of architect Ankara. The chamber of architect in Ankara, there are about 8800 active members. There are 7 principal and 7 alternate members in board of directors. Board of members is designated with election. Board of members is volunteer.

Duties of the chamber of architect are (evaluated with relevant institutions);

• Determination of architectural education in universities
• Determination of professional competence
• Continuous professional development
• Solution of professional problems
• Legal support to colleagues
• Expert service in courts
• Protection of cultural property (for instance ‘İller Bankası’, Meclis Camii’, ‘Atatürk Orman Çiftliği’)

Because the chamber of architects is a member of the association of international architects, it can defend the rights of Turkish architects working abroad.

ÇED(Çevre Etki Değerlendirme) is one of the important working of Chamber of Architects. This working examines the effects of large structures (plant, dam..etc) on the environment. This report, taking into account such factors as infrastructure, urban silhouette, and shadow transportation is important for environment. If the report is negative, the related organizations are informed.

Besides that, the chamber of architects in Ankara publishes printed and online magazines and writings. They are working on children to develop their understanding of architecture.

 

PRELIMINARY JURY | Harboring İzmir Mediterranean Academy

Block Pattern

Plot Pattern

Street Pattern

Figure Ground

Building Height

Kevin Lynch Analysis

Building Typology

Combination Of Structure

Arcades

PRACTICE ORGANIZATION | Onur Yüncü

This lecture is about the process and circumstances of establishment of architectural practice in Turkey. We discussed what legal processes are required to establish an architectural office. General business necessities are to establish an architectural office;

-An address where the business is carried out

-A registration to the Tax Office where your address listed (In this step, you should specified what kind of company it is.)

• As a corporation (anonim şirket)
• As limited liability company (limited şirketi)
• As self employed architect (serbest meslek erbabı)
• As ordinary partnership (adi ortaklık)

-A registration to SGK

• For self employment insurance (Bağkur)
• For employees insurance (SSK)

 After these process the architectural office is established.

Also registration to the office to the Chamber of Architect as architectural practice necessities is needed. Firstly as a architect, you must registered the Chamber of Architects. The office is also registered the Chamber of Architect. Office registration certificate, which is taken from Chamber of Architect, is given to the municipality.

 After establishing the business, one thing that needs to be known is the tax. In Turkey, taxes are categorized in three different titles.

• VAT(KDV) is a tax collected from every value generating economic practice in different percentages. The expenditure VAT is subtracted from income VAT of a month and the resulting amount is paid to the government the next month. It is not income.

• Witholding Tax(Muhtasar) is a tax of income of your employees that you pay your work.

• Income Tax(Gelir Vergisi) is the tax that is deduced from your annual income.

 A price offer is the initial proposal for any professional work and it includes;

• a price
• contents of the proposed work
• how the work will be carried out
• excluded related works
• terms and conditions

 There is a regulation of Chambers of Architects and Engineers to standardization fee.

If the offer is accepted, a contract should be prepared which is a legal document. It defines the framework of any professional work as well as the fee. It is document that guarantees business seriousness and profit. It is signed by both parties and approved by a notary. It should include the same issues ad offer’s.

 After the contract, there must be a layout, which are defined according to necessities of each project. In Turkey, a layout is suggested by the chamber of architects.

• Preliminary Studies
• Concept Design
• Design Development
• Construction Drawing
• Tender Works
• Site Supervision

ARCHITECT’S ROLE IN THE SOCIETY | Bilge İMAMOĞLU

Course started with definitions of some concepts like ‘profession’, ‘professional’. Professionalism is a modern concept. In order to being professional is needed to accumulate through a certain process. Profession means ‘meslek’ in Turkish which is very organised social group. It is important that public acknowledge profession.

How to become professional? Process of being profession was discussed for years. The sociology of the profession was studied. Some steps need to be professional;

• the production and circulation of the knowledge specific to the occupation within centralized educational institutions
• publication of scholar and professional journals
• formation of professional organisation like chambers of architect which is international
• social legitimacy of explicit rights for occupational privileges (body of knowledge, minimum knowledge(diploma), assurance quality relate with ethic)
• the state’s legal approval for these rights and privileges

 Practice is important to provide profession. A person can be doctor, but s/he must see operation. In fact, industrial revolution and mechanical production are also part of the profession. Professionalism gained importance when it developed from the traditional education system to the modern system. With the modernization of the army in Ottoman, a military school as well as a technical school was established. Nefise-i Şahane is the first high school of finance in Turkey. Royal School of Fine Art which is current Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi is the first school on fine art. Middle East Technical University, Karadeniz Technical University, Erzurum Atatürk University were technique universities. During the transition to professionalism, the education given at universities also changes. Vedat Tek and Mimar Kemalettin are the first professional architects of Turkey.